Answer by finn_matti for How to connect to SQL Server using sqlcmd on Linux?

My windows user was not allowed to run netstat -abn as suggested in geographika's answer, but I could work around it:

By using tasklist | find /i "Ssms.exe", I got the following result:

Ssms.exe                     14144 RDP-Tcp#15                 3       233.384 K

14144 in the example above is the PID. Next I entered netstat -oan | find /i "14144"

This will return (probably more than one line):

TCP    192.168.100.102:60348  192.168.100.102:55600  HERGESTELLT   14144

So the Port to connect to would be 55600.

This answer gave me the hint needed, but it didn't work as expected so I had to adapt it a little.

(EDIT: Somehow forgot to put it all together.)

Now we can connect using sqlcmd the IP and the Port:

sqlcmd -S 192.168.100.102,55600 -U User -P pwd -d DatabaseName -Q "SELECT TOP 5 Id FROM dbo.MyTable;"